Coronal Assessment of Vidian Canal Morphometrics and its Associative Structures Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Descriptive Study

Abstract

Purpose: The Vidian Canal (VC) is a small canal located at the base of the skull that carries the Vidian Nerve (VN), a branch of the trigeminal nerve. The VC runs from the posterior region of the sphenoid sinus to the pterygopalatine fossa, where it opens up and divides into two branches: the VN and the greater petrosal nerve. VN carries sensory fibers from the nasopharynx, the nasal cavity, and the palate, while the greater petrosal nerve carries para-sympathetic fibers to the lacrimal glands and nasal mucosa. This study analyzed the anatomical constitution and the morphometric variations of VC in 3D employing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in coronal sections, as well as to compare and appraise VC according to age and gender based on the coronal section.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology at JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy Higher Education and Research, Mysuru. This was a retrospective descriptive study comprising 30 males and 30 females who underwent CBCT following consent based on a convenient sampling technique. The data was tabulated and then the necessary statistical analysis was performed.
Results: Among the various morphological characteristics appraised, this study shows a statistically significant difference among genders for the VC to midsagittal plane. Even though there is a positive correlation among other parameters, they were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study focuses on examining morphometric data using a reliable methodology, providing valuable insights into the intricacies of the Vidian canal (VC). A thorough analysis of the complex anatomy of the VC enables surgeons to exercise greater caution while planning intricate skull-base surgeries, ultimately reducing the risk of post-surgical complications.